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Diabetes Mellitus which can be caused by various factors is known to induce changes in the pancreatic islets. With Wistar albino rats, this experiment was designed to observe quantitatively the islet changes due to increasing age and sex difference by using the method of Cardell on sections of tissues. The experminental animals were bred with regular diet, and were sacrificed at the age of ten, twenty, thirty, forty, and fifty weeks, repective.y. The pancreatic tissue were fixed in Bouin’s solution, and their sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. the long and short diameters of pancreatic islet were measured with ocular micrometer under the microscope and its surface area per 100㎟ of the pancreas was calculated. REsults obtained are as follows: 1. The pancreatic islet of the young animals show normal aooearance but those of the old are enlarged. 2. The increase in the body weight is marked more in the male than in the female. 3. The surface area of the islets per 100㎟ of the pancreas shows significant increase in the male, but its increase in the female is not significant. 4. Even though the size of pancreatic islets in the rats of forty-week-old group is small, the fraction of surface area of the islets shows the increase. It seems to mean the hyperplasia of the islets. 5. From the above results the sex and increase in the age can be the causes of diabetes mellitus, and the changes of its pancreatic islets are hyperplasia as well we hypertrophy.
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